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- Less than 10% of sarcoidosis cases affect only the nervous system.
- In such cases, granulomas form within nervous tissue and usually only occurs when there is significant systemic involvement.
- Most sarcoid exacerbations affecting the nervous system are not recurrent.
- Manifestations of neurosarcoidosis include:
- 1) Mononeuropathy - Cranial nerve dysfunction most common (Heerfordt syndrome = uveitis, fever, parotid gland inflammation, and facial nerve palsy).
- 2) Peripheral neuropathy - Sensation and/or motor dyusfunction
- 3) Central Nervous System - Hypothalamus/pituitary gland, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, spinal cord (rare)