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Whether in the U.S. or overseas, there are four main phases of emergency management:
- Mitigation
- Identifying risks and hazards to reduce or eliminate the risks, such as:
- Building codes (for earthquakes, hurricanes, fires, etc.)
- Zoning rules (floodplain restrictions)
- Dams and levees (prevent flooding)
- Identifying risks and hazards to reduce or eliminate the risks, such as:
- Preparedness
- To enhance response capacity, such as
- Training, including exercises to assure adequacy of planning efforts
- Planning
- Resource procurement
- To enhance response capacity, such as
- Response
- Immediate post disaster activities to save lives and property, such as
- Evacuating victims
- Response teams deployment
- Incident command operations
- Immediate post disaster activities to save lives and property, such as
- Recovery
- Efforts to restore essential services and repair damage, such as
- Reconstruction of government operations and services
- Housing and services for displaced families/ individuals
- Replenish stockpiles
- Efforts to restore essential services and repair damage, such as
References
fas.org/sgp/crs/homesec/R42845.pdf