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Most cases of normal anion gap metabolic acidosis result from either urinary (RTA) or gastrointestinal HCO3- losses (diarrhea). A number of xenobiotics can also cause this disorder:
- Acetazolamide
- Acidifying Agents: Ammonium chloride, arginine hydrochloride, hydrochloric acid, lysine hydrochloride
- Cholestyramine
- Toluene
- Topiramate (Topamax)