Emergency Medicine

UMEM Educational Pearls

Search

Title: When To Initiate RRT in the Critically Ill

Category: Critical Care

Posted: 7/1/2025 by Mike Winters, MBA, MD (Updated: 3/3/2026)

When To Initiate RRT in the Critically Ill Patient

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in more than half of critically ill patients admitted to the ICU.
  • When and how to initiate renal replacement therapy (RRT) in the critically ill patient remains debated.
  • While a strategy of deferred RRT is preferable in many, indications for immediate RRT in patients with AKI include the following:
    • Potassium > 6.5 that is refractory to medical therapy
    • pH < 7.15 that is not responsive to bicarbonate administration
    • Fluid overload (worsening pulmonary edema, P/F ratio < 200 mm Hg) that is refractory to diuretics

References

Barbar SD, Wald R, Quenot JP. Acute kidney injury: when and how to start renal replacement therapy. Intensive Care Med. 2025;51:1172-1175.