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Title: Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections (NSTI)

Category: Critical Care

Keywords: Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections, sepsis, critical care, surgery (PubMed Search)

Posted: 9/14/2010 by Haney Mallemat, MD (Updated: 9/14/2010)

(Sorry for the previously mislabeled pearl...)

Necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI) are on the rise and, despite improved surgical and critical care, over the years there has only been a mild reduction in mortality. Survival is associated with early diagnosis and treatment. Unfortunately, NSTI are not always obvious because deeper tissues made be involved first. Despite a validated scoring system and better radiology, our clinical suspicion still rules and relies on a meticulous history and physical exam. 

Here are some subtle signs of NSTI:

 

Pain out of proportion to exam

Edema beyond region of erythema

Skin anesthesia

Skin erythema and/or hyperthermia

Epidemolysis

Skin bronzing

 

If NSTI is suspected, be vigilant! Start broad-spectrum antibiotics, begin appropriate resuscitation and involve your surgeons early.

References

Necrotizing soft tissue infections in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med. 2010 Sep; 38: S460-8. Phan HH, et al.