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Risk Stratification in Pulmonary Embolism
The following are the principal markers useful for risk stratification:
- Clinical markers (shock, hypotension)
- Markers of RV dysfunction (RV dilatation, hypokinesis or pressure overload on echo, RV dilatation on CT, BNP elevation)
- Markers of myocardial injury (elevated troponin)
Patients with one or more of these markers have a higher mortality rate.
References
Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism. European Heart Journal. 2008