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201-202 of 202 results by Jenny Guyther

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Title: High Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) in Pediatrics

Category: Pediatrics

Posted: 11/2/2012 by Jenny Guyther, MD (Updated: 9/8/2026)

Conventional pediatric nasal cannula can safely deliver up to 4 lpm but are limited by cooling and drying of the airway. This leads to decreased airway patency, nasal mucosal injury, bleeding and possibly increase in coagulase negative staph infections.

HFNC delivers flow up to 40 lpm with 95-100% relative humidity at a controlled temperature. In infants, the initial flow rate is set between 2-4 lpm and can be increased to 8 lpm. Older children and can be started at 10 lpm and increased as high as 40 lpm. Oxygen is also adjustable.

Studies have shown improved comfort, respiratory rate and oxygenation compared to nasal CPAP.

Show References

Noninvasive Ventilation Techniques in the Emergency Department: Applications in Pediatric Patients. Pediatric Emergency Medicine Practice. Vol 6 No 6. June 2009.

Spentzas et al. Children with Respiratory Distress Treated with High-Flow Nasal Cannula. Journal of Intensive Care Medicine. Vol 24 No 5. September/October 2009.



Title: Vaccines in children less then 1 year

Category: Pediatrics

Keywords: Vaccines (PubMed Search)

Posted: 10/5/2012 by Jenny Guyther, MD (Updated: 9/8/2026)

We often ask our pediatric patients if there vaccines are up to date, but what does this mean?

Hepatitis B: birth, 2 and 6 months

Diphtheria/Tetanus and Acellular Pertussis: 2, 4 and 6 months

Pneumococcal vaccine: 2, 4 and 6 months

Haemophilus influenzae B : 2, 4 and 6 months

Polio: 2, 4 and 6 months

Rotavirus: 2 and 4 months or 2, 4 and 6 months depending on the brand. 

Influenza: 6 months and older

Children less than 8 years old should receive 2 doses of flu vaccine at least 4 weeks apart during the first flu season that they are immunized.  Children older than 2 years are eligible for the nasal vaccine if they do not have asthma, wheezing in the past 12 months or other medical conditions that predispose them to flu complications.

To see the full vaccine schedule including exact time frames between doses and catch up schedules, see: http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/downloads/child/0-6yrs-schedule-pr.pdf

Show References

www.cdc.gov/vaccines



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