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Anthony F. Lehman, MD, MSPH

Academic Title:

Clinical Professor

Primary Appointment:

Psychiatry

Additional Title:

Clinical Professor

Location:

701 West Pratt Street, Baltimore MD 21201

Phone (Primary):

(410)-328-2207

Fax:

(410) 328-2333

Education and Training

  • St. Lawrence University, BS, 1970
  • University of Rochester, MD, 1975
  • University of Virginia, Internship
  • University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Residency
  • UCLA School of Public Health, MSPH, Robert Wood Johnson Scholar, 1981

Biosketch

Dr. Lehman has served as a member of the faculty of the University of Maryland School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry since July 1986. He conducted research for over 25 years focused on understanding and addressing the problems of persons with severe mental illnesses, including homelessness, substance abuse, unemployment and problems in accessing quality care and services. His research led to enduring changes in our clinical services (dual diagnosis treatment programs, supported employment programs and the Program of Assertive Community Treatment) in the Department. These evolved programs endure today in our Division of Community Psychiatry and provide important services to Baltimore citizens as well as excellent training settings for our residents and students.

Beyond the local and regional level Dr. Lehman turned his focus to national issues related to the organization and financing of mental health services. He co-directed, in conjunction with investigators ats Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, a NIMH-funded center on the organization and funding of services for severe mental illness and led the patient outcomes component of a large demonstration grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Dr. Howard Goldman, MD, PhD and Dr. Lehman to co-found the Center for Mental Health Services Research in the Department of Psychiatry, consolidating the work of several other junior faculty into a highly productive research program and leading to additional competitive federal research projects. This research program continues today as the Division of Psychiatric Services Research. Several current and former faculty members began their successful research careers within Dr. Lehman’s projects. During this same period, Dr. Lehman worked closely with Alan Bellack, PhD to establish a new, large research program at the Baltimore VA, the Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), which continues successfully today. This period of research activity culminated in Dr Lehman and colleagues’ successful competition for the AHCPR/NIMH funded Schizophrenia Patient Outcome Research Team on which Dr. Lehman served as PI. This large project led to the publication of the Schizophrenia PORT Treatment Recommendations in 1998 and a series of ensuing peer-reviewed publications by our faculty team. As a result, Dr.  Lehman was selected to lead the Practice Guidelines Project Workgroup on Schizophrenia for the American Psychiatric Association and was the lead author for those guidelines published in 2004.

Dr. Lehman’s most significant institutional service roles over the past two decades have been as Chair of the Department of Psychiatry from 2000-2014 and Senior Associate Dean for Clinical Services from 2012-2020. During his chair tenure Dr. Lehman oversaw among many other accomplishments including the production (with Medschool Maryland Productions, Susan Hadary and John Anglim Producers) of a 30-minute documentary about the Maryland civil rights leader after whom the Walter P. Carter Community Mental Health Center on our campus was named. This documentary, Walter P. Carter: Champion for Change, premiered on Maryland Public Television in 2013, and it still airs every year on MPT during Black History Month and has been distributed to local schools.  He also led production of a comprehensive history to the Department, Changing Times, Changing Minds, published in 2010 and first distributed at our 60th Year Anniversary Gala that year.  

As Senior Associate Dean for Clinical Affairs from 2012-2022 Dr. Lehman worked closely with the Dean of the School of Medicine and the clinical chairs to promote our clinical mission. The job took Dr, Lehman to various UMMS hospitals around the state and various faculty practice sites in collaboration with our clinical chairs and UMMC leaders on a wide variety of issues. Among other things, he worked closely with UMMC in our Ebola response and subsequently with the COVID preparedness programs.

Dr. Lehman is the author/coauthor of over 140 peer reviewed scientific articles and two books. He has made many scientific presentations nationally and internationally. In July 2022 Dr. Lehman reduced his effort and now spends 10 hours weekly treating seriously ill patients at our Walter P. Carter Community Mental Health Center

Dr. Lehman has served as a member of the faculty of the University of Maryland School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry since July 1986. He conducted research for over 25 years focused on understanding and addressing the problems of persons with severe mental illnesses, including homelessness, substance abuse, unemployment and problems in accessing quality care and services. His research led to enduring changes in our clinical services (dual diagnosis treatment programs, supported employment programs and the Program of Assertive Community Treatment) in the Department. These evolved programs endure today in our Division of Community Psychiatry and provide important services to Baltimore citizens as well as excellent training settings for our residents and students.

Beyond the local and regional level Dr. Lehman turned his focus to national issues related to the organization and financing of mental health services. He co-directed, in conjunction with investigators ats Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, a NIMH-funded center on the organization and funding of services for severe mental illness and led the patient outcomes component of a large demonstration grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Dr. Howard Goldman, MD, PhD and Dr. Lehman to co-found the Center for Mental Health Services Research in the Department of Psychiatry, consolidating the work of several other junior faculty into a highly productive research program and leading to additional competitive federal research projects. This research program continues today as the Division of Psychiatric Services Research. Several current and former faculty members began their successful research careers within Dr. Lehman’s projects. During this same period, Dr. Lehman worked closely with Alan Bellack, PhD to establish a new, large research program at the Baltimore VA, the Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), which continues successfully today. This period of research activity culminated in Dr Lehman and colleagues’ successful competition for the AHCPR/NIMH funded Schizophrenia Patient Outcome Research Team on which Dr. Lehman served as PI. This large project led to the publication of the Schizophrenia PORT Treatment Recommendations in 1998 and a series of ensuing peer-reviewed publications by our faculty team. As a result, Dr.  Lehman was selected to lead the Practice Guidelines Project Workgroup on Schizophrenia for the American Psychiatric Association and was the lead author for those guidelines published in 2004.

Dr. Lehman’s most significant institutional service roles over the past two decades have been as Chair of the Department of Psychiatry from 2000-2014 and Senior Associate Dean for Clinical Services from 2012-2020. During his chair tenure Dr. Lehman oversaw among many other accomplishments including the production (with Medschool Maryland Productions, Susan Hadary and John Anglim Producers) of a 30-minute documentary about the Maryland civil rights leader after whom the Walter P. Carter Community Mental Health Center on our campus was named. This documentary, Walter P. Carter: Champion for Change, premiered on Maryland Public Television in 2013, and it still airs every year on MPT during Black History Month and has been distributed to local schools.  He also led production of a comprehensive history to the Department, Changing Times, Changing Minds, published in 2010 and first distributed at our 60th Year Anniversary Gala that year.  

As Senior Associate Dean for Clinical Affairs from 2012-2022 Dr. Lehman worked closely with the Dean of the School of Medicine and the clinical chairs to promote our clinical mission. The job took Dr, Lehman to various UMMS hospitals around the state and various faculty practice sites in collaboration with our clinical chairs and UMMC leaders on a wide variety of issues. Among other things, he worked closely with UMMC in our Ebola response and subsequently with the COVID preparedness programs.

Dr. Lehman is the author/coauthor of over 140 peer reviewed scientific articles and two books. He has made many scientific presentations nationally and internationally. In July 2022 Dr. Lehman reduced his effort and now spends 10 hours weekly treating seriously ill patients at our Walter P. Carter Community Mental Health Center.  

 

Research/Clinical Keywords

Mental Health, Schizophrenia, Major Affective Disorders, Substance Abuse

Highlighted Publications

Lehman AF, Carpenter WT, Goldman HH, Steinwachs DM: Treatment outcomes in schizophrenia: implications for practice, policy, and research. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21:669-675, 1995.

Lehman AF, Dixon LB, Kernan E, DeForge BR, Postrado LT:  A randomized trial of assertive community treatment for homeless persons with severe mental illness.  Archives of General Psychiatry, 54:1038-1043, 1997.

Lehman AF, Steinwachs DS, and PORT investigators:  At Issue: Translating research into practice: the Schizophrenia PORT Treatment Recommendations.  Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24:1-10, 1998.

Lehman AF, Dixon LD, Hoch JS, DeForge B, Kernan E, Frank R: Cost-effectiveness of assertive community treatment for homeless persons with severe mental illness. British Journal of Psychiatry, 174:346-352, 1999.

Lehman AF: Quality care for persons with schizophrenia. Health Affairs, 18:52-65, 1999.

Lehman AF, Goldberg, R, Dixon LB, McNary S, Postrado L, Hackman A, McDonnell K: Improving employment outcomes for persons with severe mental illnesses.  Arch Gen Psychiatry, 59:165-172, 2002.

Lehman AF, Kreyenbuhl J, Buchanan RW, Dickerson FB, Dixon LB, et al: The schizophrenia patient outcomes research team (PORT): Updated treatment recommendations 2003, Schizophrenia Bulletin, 30(2):193-217, 2004.

Cook JA, Lehman AF, Drake R, McFarlane WR, et al: Integration of psychiatric and vocational Services: A multisite randomized, controlled trial of supported employment. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162:1948-1956, 2005.

Additional Publication Citations

Lehman AF, Ward NC, Linn LS: Chronic mental patients: the quality of life issue. American Journal of Psychiatry, 1982, 139:1271-1276.

Lehman AF, Strauss JS, Ritzler BA, Kokes RF, Harder DW, Gift TE: First admission psychiatric ward milieu: treatment process and outcome. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1982, 39:1293-1298.

Lehman AF: The well-being of chronic mental patients: assessing their quality of life. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1983, 40:369-373.

Lehman, AF, Linn LS: Crimes against discharged mental patients in board and care homes. American Journal of Psychiatry, 1984, 141:271-274.

Lehman, AF, Babigian HM, Reed SK: The epidemiology of treatment for chronic and non-chronic mental disorders. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1984, 172:658-666

Lehman AF: Capitation payment and mental health care: a review of the opportunities and risks. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 1987, 38:31-38.

Lehman AF: A quality of life interview for the chronically mentally ill. Evaluation and Program Planning, 1988, 11:51-62.

Lehman AF, Herron JD, Schwartz, RP: Rehabilitation for young adults with severe mental illness and substance abuse disorders: a clinical trial. Journal Nervous and Mental Disease, 1993, 181:88-92.

Lehman, AF, Myers, CP, Thompson JW, Corty, E: Implications of mental and substance use disorders: a comparison of "single" and "dual" diagnosis patients. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1993, 181:365-370.

Lehman AF, Postrado LT, Roth D, McNary SW, Goldman, HH: An evaluation of continuity of care, case management, and client outcomes in the Robert Wood Johnson Program on Chronic Mental Illness, The Milbank Quarterly, 1994, 72:105-122.

Lehman AF, Myers CP, Corty E, Thompson J: Severity of substance use disorders among psychiatric inpatients. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1994, 182:164-167.

Lehman AF, Thompson JT, Dixon LB, Scott JC: Treatment outcomes research in schizophrenia: translating research into practice. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 1995, 21:561-566.

Lehman AF: Measuring quality of life in a reformed health system. Health Affairs, 1995, 14:90-101.

Lehman AF, Dixon LB, Kernan E, DeForge BR, Postrado LT. A randomized trial of assertive community treatment for homeless persons with severe mental illness. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1997, 54:1038-1043.

Lehman AF, Steinwachs DS, and PORT investigators. At Issue: Translating research into practice: the Schizophrenia PORT Treatment Recommendations. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 1998, 24:1-10.

Lehman AF, Steinwachs DS, and PORT investigators. Patterns of usual care for schizophrenia: initial results from the Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team client survey. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 1998, 24:1-11-20.

Lehman AF, Dixon LD, Hoch JS, DeForge B, Kernan E, Frank R: Cost-effectiveness of assertive community treatment for homeless persons with severe mental illness. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1999, 174:346-352.

Lehman AF: Quality care for persons with schizophrenia. Health Affairs, 1999, 18:52-65.

Lehman AF, Goldberg, R, Dixon LB, McNary S, Postrado L, Hackman A, McDonnell K: Improving employment outcomes for persons with severe mental illnesses. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 2002, 59:165-172.

Gold JM, Goldberg RW, McNary SW, Dixon LB, Lehman AF: Cognitive correlates of job tenure among patients with severe mental illness. Am J Psychiatry, 2002, 159(8):1395-1402.

Buchanan RW, Kreyenbuhl J, Zito JM, Lehman A: The schizophrenia PORT pharmacological treatment recommendations: Conformance and Implications for symptoms and functional outcome. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2002, 28(1):63-73.

Lehman AF, Buchanan RW, Dickerson FB, Dixon LB, Goldberg R, Green-Paden L, Kreyenbuhl J: Evidence-based treatment of schizophrenia. Psychiatr Clin N Am, 2003, 26:939-954.

Lehman AF, Fischer EP, Postrado L, Delahanty J, Johnstone BM, Russo PA, Crown WH: The schizophrenia care and assessment project health questionnaire (SCAP-HQ): An instrument to assess outcomes of schizophrenia care. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2003, 29(2):247-256.

Kreyenbuhl J, Zito JM, Buchanan RW, Soeken KL, Lehman AF: Racial disparity in the pharmacological management of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 29(2):183-193, 2003.

Frank RG, Berndt ER, Busch AB, Lehman AF: Quality-constant price indexes for the ongoing treatment of schizophrenia: An exploratory study. Special Issue of the Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc., 22:390-409, 2004.

Lehman AF, Lieberman JA, Dixon LB, McGlashan TH, Miller AL, Perkins DO, Kreyenbuhl J: Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients with Schizophrenia, 2nd Edition. American Journal of Psychiatry, Supplement, 161(2):1-56, Supplement, 2004.

Lehman AF, Kreyenbuhl J, Buchanan RW, Dickerson FB, Dixon LB, et al: The schizophrenia patient outcomes research team (PORT): Updated treatment recommendations 2003, Schizophrenia Bulletin, 30(2):193-217, 2004.

Busch A, Frank RG, Lehman AF: The effect of a managed behavioral health care carve-out on quality of care for medicaid patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61:442-448, 2004.

Lehman AF, Goldman HH, Dixon LB, Churchill R: Evidence-based mental health treatments and services: Examples to inform public policy. Milbank Memorial Fund, 1-32, 2004.

Dickerson FB, and Lehman AF: Evidence-based psychotherapy for schizophrenia. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 194(1):3-9, 2006.

Lehman, AF: Treatment guidelines: Caveat emptor! Journal of Mental Health, 15(2):129-133, April 2006.

Lehman, AF: Promoting recovery: Achieving the promise. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 32(3):430-431, 2006.

Lehman AF: Editorial. Early intervention for psychosis and schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 195(12):965-967, Dec 2007.

DosReis S, Johnson E, Steinwachs D, Rohde C, Skinner EA, Fahey M & Lehman, AF: Antipsychotic treatment patterns and hospitalizations among adults with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 101:304-311, 2008.

Busch AB, Frank RG, Lehman AF, Goldman HH: Changes over time and disparities in schizophrenia treatment quality,Medical Care, 47(2):199-207, Feb 2009.

Lehman AF: Editorial. Leaping tall buildings – The science-to-service gap in schizophrenia treatment. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 35(4):659-660, 2009.

Schutt RK, Hough RL, Goldfinger SM, Lehman AF, Shern DL, Valencia E and Wood PA: Lessening homelessness among persons with mental illness: A comparison of five randomized treatment trials. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 2:100-105, 2009.

Lehman AF: Editorial. Adopting evidence-based practices – Our hesitation waltz. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 36:1-2, 2010.

Dixon LB, Dickerson F, Bellack AS, Bennett M, Dickinson D, Goldberg RW, Lehman A, et al: The 2009 Schizophrenia PORT psychosocial treatment recommendations and summary statements. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 36:48-70, 2010.

Daumit GL, Anthony CB, Ford DE, Fahey M, Skinner EA, Lehman AF, Hwang W, Steinwachs DM: Pattern of mortality sample of Maryland residents with severe mental illness. Psychiatry Research, 176:242-245, 2010.

Awards and Affiliations

  • American Psychiatric Association Senior Award for Research Development in Psychaitric Services Research
  • Distinguished Service Award from the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill
  • Robert Cancro Best Chair Award from the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • APA Alexander Gralnick Award for Research in Schizophrenia
  • Armin Loeb Award for Research 

Previous Positions

  • University of Rochester, Director, Long-Term Care Program, 1981-1986
  • University of Maryland, Director, Center for Mental Health Services Research, 1986-2002
  • University of Maryland School of Medicine, Acting/ Interim Chair, Department of Psychiatry, 1998-2000
  • University of Maryland School of Medicine, Chair, Department of Psychiatry, 2000-2014